ࡱ>  bbjbj 2jj\l,,,8d$<%Љ"%%%%%%%$y' )*%-*%W%e%%6 4xĉ JY6܅, D$m%0%^1*1*Hainault Forest Lodge Report on a spider and beetle survey for the period: February 2007- February 2008 By Edward Milner BSc, MIEEM Contents page Summary 2 Introduction 2 Trap-sites and methods 4 Results: summary 6 Spiders 7 Beetles, Pseudoscorpions 10 Conclusions and recommendations for management 11 Acknowledgements 12 References 13 Tables 1: Trap-sites and their habitat 4 2: Summary of trapping results: spiders 6 3: Numbers of the most abundant species found in pitfalls at Hainault Forest Lodge, compared with Claybury Woodland sites and other London sites 9 4: Spiders trapped by trap-site 14 5 (a): List of spiders recorded for Claybury Wood 32 (b): List of beetles for Claybury Wood. 34 (c): Other taxa 37 1. Summary A survey of ground-living spiders and beetles has been conducted at Hainault Forest Lodge, mainly using pitfall traps, for a 12-month period between February 2007 and February 2008. The traps were set at nine and at one site in the derelict orchard. During the summer some limited sweep-netting was done. In total 73 spp. of spider, 111 spp. of beetle, and three pseudoscorpions were recorded. Of these 2 spiders were Nationally Notable B species, and of the beetles one (Longitarsus parvulus) was a Notable A and a further five Notable B species. The species found were largely typical of small London woodlands, and threw some doubt on the idea that Hainault Forest Lodge is a fragment of ancient woodland, but that it is still a piece of semi-natural woodland that with sensitive management has the potential to develop as a significant site for the conservation of woodland invertebrates. 2. Introduction Hainault Forest Lodge is an area of woodland and garden that surrounded a large house until that was demolished some years ago. The total area is 5.5 hectares of which perhaps 3.5 hectares is actual woodland. The woodland has some similarities but also differences with other fragments of woodland in north London which are thought to be ancient (as defined as having been standing for at least 400 years continuously): Claybury Woods, Coldfall Wood, Queens Wood, Highgate Wood etc. The commonest trees are English Oak (Quercus robur) and Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) with holly (Ilex aquifolium) as the main understorey tree. A few of the oaks are very large and from their appearance could have orginated as pollards. There is some hazel (Corylus avellana) which was coppiced in the (distant) past (as were some of the hornbeams, while others were pollarded). In at least one area there is a concentration of hawthorn (Crataegus sp.). A single crab-apple (Malus sylvestris) is present on the edge of the wood. Unlike the nearby Claybury Woods, however, no specimens of wild service (Sorbus torminalis) have been found, or, more surprisingly perhaps, any rowan (Sorbus aucuparia). Unlike other woodland of ancient origin in London herbs such as yellow archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon ) and wood sage (Teucrium scorodonia) are absent although there are a few clumps of butchers broom (Ruscus aculeatus). The abandoned orchard area has some ancient fruit trees (cultivars of Malus and Pyrus), and there is a grassy area around these fruit trees. In the woodland, in addition to the native species of tree some other species were planted probably more than fifty years ago; these are now mature trees. They included several horse-chestnuts (Aeschulus hippocastaneum), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), sweet or Spanish chestnut (Castanea sativa), and cypress (Cupressus spp.). More recent arrivals include some young invasive sycamore trees (Populus pseudoplatanus). The purpose of this survey was to assess the ground-living woodland invertebrates especially spiders and beetles over a 12-month period, so as to indicate the conservation value of the wood for invertebrates, and suggest possible management guidelines. Preliminary lists of species would be prepared, with special attention paid to any Notable or Red Data Book species present. 3. Trap-sites and Methods On a preliminary visit 10 trap-sites were selected so as to give as good a representation as possible of the (natural) woodland habitats. The deepest shade was ignored but other sites were distributed among the varying ground cover. Table 1: Trap-sites and their habitat Trap-site No.Name of trap-siteHabitat1PinePart shaded under thorn and hornbeam, near to a single pine. Among dense ground cover of ivy (Hedera helix) 2HoneysuckleShaded under hornbeam in deep leaf-litter3BrambleShaded under hornbeam and oak in leaf0litter4OaksShaded, under oaks in leaf-litter5Ivy/oaksPart-shaded, under oak among dense ground cover of ivy6Path mossPart-shaded, edge of path by holly bushes with moss (sp. indet.)7HutShaded under large oaks in dense ground cover of ivy 8Fallen hornbeamShaded, in deep leaf-litter under sweet chestnut and adjacent to a large fallen hornbeam9BluebellsShaded, under horse chestnut and hornbeam in leaf litter among bluebells (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) 10OrchardPart-shaded grass (Poa spp.?) with nettles (Urtica dioica) in abandoned orchard Pitfall traps were set in standard trios (within a 1m circle) with a small quantity of ethylene glycol (holding agent) and commercial detergent (wetting agent). These compounds may act as an attractant for some species and discourage others but this standard form has been used throughout London in previous surveys and presumably the same bias (if any) occurs each time. All the traps were set on 15 February 2007, then emptied and the catch examined on a monthly basis through until February 2008. Spiders were identified by the writer, and some were checked by Peter Harvey and Peter Merrett. The nomenclature of spiders and the order of families of spiders are according to Merrett and Murphy (2000) with amendments in Harvey et al. (2002). Beetles are named according to the latest available checklist (Philp, 2002, unpublished report). 4. Results: summary In total 3006 spiders were trapped at the 10 sites collected at Hainault Forest Lodge representing 66 spp. (Table 2), of which just two were Notable B species (Zilla dioidia and Trachyzelotes pedestris). A further 7 species were collected by sweepnetting ground vegetation and searching the lower branches of trees in the wood, making a total of 73spp. recorded for the wood. A complete list of spiders species recorded is given in Table 5 (a). A total of 111 beetle species were recorded during this survey, (which was not primarily aimed at producing a comprehensive list of beetles); a list is given in Table 5(b). There were five Notable B species (Platyderus ruficollis: Carabidae, Acidota cruentata: Staphylinidae, Aphodius zenkeri: Scarabaeidae, Longitarsus dorsalis: Chrysomelidae, and Scaphidema metallicum: Tenebrionidae, and one Notable A (Longitarsus parvulus: Chrysomelidae). Three (common) species of pseudoscorpion were trapped in the leaf-litter; these are listed in Table 5 c. Table 2: Summary of trapping results: spiders * = partially shaded (other sites all heavily shaded) Trap-site No.Name of trap-siteNo of spidersNo of spp. trappedNos of Pardosa saltans1*Pine29224 162Honeysuckle18016 23Bramble22919 14*Oaks38419 45Ivy/oaks25526  36*Path moss30229 107Hut19415 88Fallen hornbeam20017109*Bluebells55525 2510Orchard (grass)41537  Total =SUM(ABOVE) 300666spp.Trapping at Claybury Wood (2006-7) 14 trap-sites 3498 85spp. Spiders The number of species recorded (73) was very much fewer than at the nearby Claybury Woods in 2006-7 (Milner, 2007) where 100 species were found (37%more). The composition of the fauna was also very different, reflecting major differences in the detailed nature of the habitat. Overall it should be stated that the spiders found were typical of many London woodlands. Before discussing the differences with Claybury Woods, it is worth examining the differences between the trap sites at Hainault. As can be seen from Table 2 (and excluding the orchard site 10) some of the sites were in heavy shade (although of these two: sites 5 and 7 had a ground covering of ivy) and others in partial shade as estimated by the aiuthor. For the two groups the mean number of species trapped is very different; for the five heavily shaded sites the mean species richness (No. of species) was 18.5 while for the four partially shaded sites it was 24. This illustrates the fact that spiders thrive in woodland in less shaded places, at edges of glades etc more than in the dense shade caused by a closed canopy. Table 3 (next page) shows the 10 most abundant species at Hainault Forest Lodge, figures for Claybury Woods, and also the rank order of these species at 28 London woodland sites for which 12-month pitfall samples have been taken (Milner 2000). The table shows that the ground fauna at Hainault Forest Lodge is dominated by a smaller group of common species such as Lepthyphantes flavipes, L. zimmermanni, Diplocephalus picinus and Monocephalus fuscipes, characteristic of disturbed or degraded woodland habitats (although numbers of one of those species, Diplocephalus latifrons, was surprisingly low). In ancient woodland (such as Oxleas Wood) the numbers of some of these species, especially M fuscipes, is very low, and the fauna is not dominated by a small number of species. At Claybury Wood the commonest species were much less abundant. A second group of species characteristic of the less-disturbed and what may be termed more authentic woodlands were notable by their relative scarcity or even absence at Hainault. One example is provided by Pardosa saltans, the woodland wolf spider. This species occurred in small numbers (the eighth most abundant species), far less than at Claybury where it was the third most abundant species trapped. This species occurs in undisturbed, partially shaded areas of many London woodlands and its abundance appears to depend largely on the availability of such areas within woodland. From Table 2 it can be seen that numbers trapped at the partially shaded sites were considerable more than at the heavily shaded sites; mean scores were 14 (partially shaded sites) as against just 5 (heavily shaded sites). But the overall score for the wood was low; the direct interpretation is that at Hainault the canopy is too unbroken for this species to thrive as it does at Claybury. As for species that are characteristic of ancient woodland in the capitals woodlands, these species were very scarce or absent at Hainault. Single specimens of Xysticus lanio a locally rare woodland crab-spider, and Saaristoa firma, a small woodland money spider were trapped, and several specimens of the Notable Trachyzelotes pedestris were taken. A few specimens of the woodland jumping spider Ballus chelybeius were swept from lower branches in April, and a few specimens of the woodland money spider Centromerus dilutus, a tiny litter-dweller, trapped. Several other commoner species specifically associated with authentic woodland were found, but all in small numbers. These included Lathys humilis and Helophora insignis. Table 3: Numbers of the most abundant species found in pitfalls at Hainault Forest Lodge, compared with Claybury Woodland sites, and their rank order of frequency at 54 London woodland sites (Milner, 2000) NB: P.degeeri is bracketed as it is not a woodland spider and nearly all the specimens were taken in the orchard (grass) SpeciesHainault Forest LodgeClaybury WoodsRank in all London woodlands1Lepthyphantes flavipes75650532Diplocephalus picinus45964543Microneta viaria43123214L. zimmermanni30416625(Pachygnatha degeeri)(157) 1-6Monocephalus fuscipes128 5557Macrargus rufus10119998Pardosa saltans87385>259Diplocepahlus concolor60 29 710Maso sundevalli57 791411Walckenaeria acuminata541046Other species Xysticus lanio1 14>25Agroeca brunnea-134>25Trochosa terricola11113>25Scotina celans-290- The small group of spiders known to be associated with ancient woodland at Hainault contrasts with robust numbers of a substantial group of ancient woodland species found at Claybury. Two of these (Scotina celans and Agroeca brunnea; both considerabl rarities in the London context) were found in considerable numbers and together made up nearly 15% of the total spiders trapped. Other rare woodland-specialists found at Claybury but not at Hainault included Haplodrassus silvestris, Centromerus serratus, Syedra gracilis, Coelotes terrestris, and Dysdera erythrina. The differences between the two woods are considerable. At Hainault the spiders found were a very poor return from what looks superficially like a fragment of ancient woodland. The conclusion must be that this is more likely to be a fragment of ancient wood- pasture with some old oak pollards, and that todays woodland is actually secondary, much of it planted. Beetles The beetle list was unremarkable, but as no collecting was done looking specifically for beetles, in particular investigating dead wood, this was not surprising. Pitfall-trapping is a reasonably sensitive way of assessing ground-living spiders but it is much less successful a way of finding beetles if only because most species fly. The presence of rabbits in the wood was noted from noticing their latrines, and one of the beetles trapped, the rhinoceros beetle Typhaeus typhoeus is associated with burying rabbit dung. Pseudoscorpions The three species trapped are all common in the leaf-litter of London woodlands. 7. Conclusions and recommendations for management This was a limited survey, but from its findings together with observations by the author a number of recommendations about habitat of Hainault Forest Lodge can be made. At present, Hainault Forest Lodge is of limited invertebrate conservation value, whatever its true origin. Generally the tree flora is restricted but similar to other woodland, but much of the canopy is closed and the ground flora, apart from some areas of ivy and some patches of brambles, is almost non-existent. As a result much of the ground is in heavy shade, and this leads to a uniformity of the ground habitat. The absence of damp areas in the wood is also an adverse factor. The amount of fallen timber, including whole trees, is extremely low and most unnatural; presumably this is because, historically, of some misguided attemps to keep the wood tidy. As a very large proportion of invertebrates in woodland (especially beetles, but including spiders) depend on the variety and quantity of dead wood, this is a major factor affecting the total diversity. The presence of mature trees of alien species in the woodland, in particular horse-chestnut trees, is another negative factor. Such trees do not have the same compliment of associated invertebrates species, their leaves affect the soil conditions and their presence is wholly disadvantageous. There is evidence that the hazel in some parts of the wood was, at some time in the past coppiced, but this has not been done for a long time. As coppicing is neglected and hazel becomes suppressed, the invertebrate fauna also suffers so this neglect has had a deleterious effect. The presence, albeit in very small numbers, of some specifically woodland spiders (normally regarded as associated with ancient woodland) does raise the possibility that there are features of at least ancient woodland edge, even if the evidence of actual ancient woodland on the site is unconvincing. The following suggestions (not in any particular order) for the future management of the wood are based on the findings above and on observation of the wood during the writers visits during 2007-8. Whatever the actual origin of Hainault Lodge, either as an isolated fragment of ancient woodland or more likely an overgrown and infilled fragment of old wood-pasture from which a few old oak pollards still stand, I recommend that it should be conserved and managed as far as possible in ways to improve it as a piece of semi-natural woodland. Alien species should, ideally, be removed from inside the wood. In particular horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) as well as other non-native trees including firs and cypresses, should be felled and allowed to rot in situ, or killed and allowed to decay as standing timber. Some decorative trees planted by the drive and the old lodge area could be left for mainly aesthetic reasons; the occasional scots pine, decorative conifer and sweet chestnut. While there appear to be few if any genuine veteran trees, a complete inventory of trees in the wood and their current dimensions should be documented, and if any can be identified as ancient pollards (such as some of the oaks) these especially should be cherished. In the twentieth century neglect of traditional management has led to a decrease in the structural diversity (of woodland) with consequent damage to invertebrate communities (Kirby, 1992). A coppicing cycle should be restored in small areas of hazel. This would open up the canopy and encourage spiders such as some of the attractive orb-web species like Tetragnatha spp., Metellina spp., and Araneus spp. which are currently scarce or absent. Somehow the amount of dead and decaying timber needs to be increased, both fallen and standing. The absence of dead wood primarily affects the beetle fauna, but also some spiders (Tegenaria spp.) use fallen tree trunks, and others are characteristically found on dead standing timber (Nuctenea umbratica, Amaurobius spp. Oonops pulcher, etc). As previously suggested in relation to Claybury Wood, any large scale dead wood that the council needs to dispose of from other sites might usefully be brought to Hainault Ladge to augment the present supplies. Once openings in the canopy have been established by (1) and (3) above, the ground flora should be encouraged. As a result the rabbit population may increase. This is not to be discouraged; evidence from other places in London suggests that areas grazed by rabbits are often rich in invertebrates including spiders, partly because of their excavatory activities which add physical diversity to the habitat. Finally, a more controversial suggestion. Once some of the above suggestions have been implemented and the canopy opened in places, it could be considered worthwhile to try and move some of the leaf-litter fauna at Claybury Wood to Hainault Lodge. In dry conditions some sacks of leaf-litter from Claybury could be brought to Hainault and spread in similar areas (e g under mature oaks). The idea would be to try to establish Agroeca brunnea and Scotina celans at Hainault; neither of these is nationally rare or even a Notable species but both have very limited distributions in the London area. If such a scheme was envisaged, it would obviously be advisable to begin by consulting with the London office of Natural England. 8. Acknowledgements I would like to thank Peter Harvey for confirming one or two identifications; Norman Heal and Gerald Legg for identifying the beetles and pseudoscorpions respectively. 9. References Harvey, P.R., Nellist, D.R. & Telfer, M.G. (eds.) 2002. Provisional atlas of British spiders (Arachnida: Araneae), 2 vols. Biological Records Centre, Huntingdon. Kirby, P. 1992. Habitat Management For Invertebrates: a practical handbook. JNCC/RSPB: Sandy, Beds Merrett, P., & Murphy, J.A. 2000. A revised check list of British spiders. Bull. Br. Arachnol. Soc., 11(9), 345-357. Milner , J. E. 2000. Spiders in London: observations on the occurrence, phenology, habitat preference and response to disturbance, from the results of 82 12-month pitfall samples. Lond. Nat. 79: 117-142. Milner, J.E. 2006. Claybury Woods: Report on a preliminary invertebrate survey, 6 Jan 2006 13 Feb 2006. (unpubl. report: L B of Redbridge) Milner, J.E.D. 2007. Claybury Wood. Report on a spider and beetle survey for the period: January 2006-January 2007. (unppubl. Report: L.B.Redbridge) Table 4: Hainault Lodge: spiders trapped in order of trap-site Totals are given on line below last record for each species ============================================================== HL001 Pine ivy Neottiura bimaculatum 0 1 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Ceratinella brevipes 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Walckenaeria acuminata 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 1 Maso sundevalli 14 1 15 16/06/2007 Maso sundevalli 6 0 6 16/07/2007 : 21 Monocephalus fuscipes 3 0 3 15/04/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 2 0 2 15/04/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 0 1 15/05/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 1 1 15/01/2008 : 7 Micrargus herbigradus s s 0 1 1 15/04/2007 Micrargus herbigradus s s 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 2 Diplocephalus latifrons 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Diplocephalus picinus 10 0 10 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 13 0 13 16/06/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 1 0 1 16/07/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 25 Microneta viaria 7 1 8 15/04/2007 Microneta viaria 1 0 1 15/05/2007 Microneta viaria 1 1 2 16/11/2007 : 11 Centromerus sylvaticus 1 0 1 15/12/2007 Centromerus sylvaticus 1 0 1 15/01/2008 Centromerus sylvaticus 0 1 1 16/02/2008 : 3 Macrargus rufus 0 1 1 14/10/2007 Macrargus rufus 0 1 1 15/12/2007 Macrargus rufus 1 0 1 15/01/2008 Macrargus rufus 7 1 8 16/02/2008 : 11 Bathyphantes gracilis 0 1 1 15/01/2008 : 1 Bathyphantes parvulus 6 0 6 16/06/2007 Bathyphantes parvulus 4 0 4 16/07/2007 : 10 Diplostyla concolor 2 1 3 15/04/2007 Diplostyla concolor 1 0 1 15/05/2007 Diplostyla concolor 0 1 1 17/09/2007 Diplostyla concolor 12 7 19 17/08/2007 : 24 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 1 1 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 1 1 16/11/2007 : 2 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 3 7 10 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 3 5 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 4 5 9 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 6 8 14 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 2 3 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 15 9 24 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 3 0 3 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 3 0 3 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 72 Lepthyphantes flavipes 6 0 6 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 1 3 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 4 8 12 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 4 5 9 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 6 7 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 7 2 9 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 0 2 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 1 2 15/12/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 0 1 1 15/01/2008 : 51 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 2 0 2 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 0 1 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 13 3 16 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 3 0 3 15/12/2007 : 22 Lepthyphantes pallidus 1 0 1 15/04/2007 : 1 Neriene clathrata 0 2 2 15/05/2007 Neriene clathrata 0 1 1 16/07/2007 Neriene clathrata 1 1 2 14/10/2007 Neriene clathrata 0 1 1 16/11/2007 : 6 Pachygnatha degeeri 1 0 1 15/04/2007 : 1 Pardosa saltans 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Pardosa saltans 10 4 14 15/05/2007 Pardosa saltans 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 16 Trochosa terricola 1 0 1 15/04/2007 : 1 Trachyzelotes pedestris 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 total:292 HL002 Honeysuckle Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 15/04/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 2 2 16/06/2007 : 3 Gongylidium rufipes 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 0 1 15/03/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 4 0 4 15/04/2007 : 5 Erigonella hiemalis 1 0 1 15/04/2007 : 1 Diplocephalus picinus 2 0 2 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 22 5 27 16/06/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 30 Microneta viaria 5 2 7 15/03/2007 Microneta viaria 44 17 61 15/04/2007 Microneta viaria 10 3 13 15/05/2007 Microneta viaria 0 2 2 17/08/2007 : 83 Macrargus rufus 0 3 3 16/06/2007 Macrargus rufus 4 0 4 16/02/2008 : 7 Lepthyphantes tenuis 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Lepthyphantes flavipes 4 9 13 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 7 8 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 5 1 6 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 4 6 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 1 2 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 2 3 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 0 1 16/11/2007 : 39 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 1 Lepthyphantes pallidus 0 1 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Pardosa saltans 1 0 1 15/05/2007 Pardosa saltans 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 2 Hahnia montana 1 0 1 17/09/2007 Hahnia montana 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 2 Clubiona comta 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Clubiona comta 0 1 1 15/05/2007 : 2 Ozyptila praticola 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 1 total:180 HL003 Oak/bramble Pholcomma gibbum 0 1 1 16/02/2008 : 1 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 17/08/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 16/02/2008 : 2 Dismodicus bifrons 0 1 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Hypomma cornutum 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Maso sundevalli 9 1 10 16/07/2007 : 10 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 1 1 15/03/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 3 0 3 15/04/2007 : 4 Diplocephalus picinus 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 5 0 5 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 6 8 14 16/07/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 1 3 4 17/08/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 0 1 1 14/10/2007 : 25 Erigone dentipalpis 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Microneta viaria 14 3 17 15/04/2007 Microneta viaria 8 7 15 15/05/2007 Microneta viaria 0 4 4 16/07/2007 Microneta viaria 0 1 1 17/09/2007 Microneta viaria 0 6 6 17/08/2007 : 43 Macrargus rufus 1 0 1 15/03/2007 Macrargus rufus 1 0 1 15/01/2008 Macrargus rufus 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 3 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 1 1 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 1 1 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 2 2 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 1 1 16/02/2008 : 5 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 3 1 4 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 1 2 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 16/11/2007 : 7 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 0 2 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 7 8 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 2 4 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 20 16 36 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 3 9 12 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 26 24 50 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 4 6 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 0 1 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 0 1 16/02/2008 :120 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Lepthyphantes pallidus 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Neriene clathrata 0 1 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Pardosa saltans 1 0 1 15/04/2007 : 1 Hahnia montana 1 0 1 14/10/2007 : 1 Xysticus lanio 0 1 1 16/11/2007 : 1 total:229 HL004 Oaks Ceratinella brevipes 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 15/03/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 15/05/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 1 0 1 15/01/2008 Walckenaeria acuminata 3 0 3 16/02/2008 : 6 Gongylidium rufipes 0 1 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Maso sundevalli 1 0 1 15/05/2007 Maso sundevalli 9 0 9 16/06/2007 Maso sundevalli 2 1 3 16/07/2007 Maso sundevalli 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 14 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 0 1 15/03/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 6 7 16/06/2007 : 8 Diplocephalus picinus 5 0 5 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 40 6 46 16/06/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 5 2 7 16/07/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 0 1 1 17/09/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 1 5 6 17/08/2007 : 65 Microneta viaria 8 1 9 15/03/2007 Microneta viaria 29 11 40 15/05/2007 Microneta viaria 2 3 5 16/06/2007 Microneta viaria 0 2 2 16/07/2007 Microneta viaria 0 1 1 17/09/2007 Microneta viaria 0 7 7 17/08/2007 Microneta viaria 1 0 1 15/01/2008 Microneta viaria 0 1 1 16/02/2008 : 66 Centromerus dilutus 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 1 Macrargus rufus 31 6 37 16/02/2008 : 37 Bathyphantes gracilis 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 1 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 0 2 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 4 1 5 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 0 2 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 0 2 15/12/2007 : 12 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 3 5 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 2 3 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 13 15 28 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 5 10 15 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 16 10 26 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 21 36 57 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 3 0 3 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 0 1 1 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 3 1 4 15/12/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 5 0 5 15/01/2008 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 4 6 16/02/2008 :153 Linyphia hortensis 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Pardosa saltans 3 1 4 15/05/2007 : 4 Pirata piraticus 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Hahnia montana 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Hahnia nava 0 3 3 16/06/2007 : 3 Clubiona terrestris 0 1 1 15/05/2007 Clubiona terrestris 2 0 2 16/06/2007 Clubiona terrestris 1 0 1 16/07/2007 Clubiona terrestris 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 5 Ozyptila praticola 0 1 1 15/05/2007 Ozyptila praticola 2 0 2 16/06/2007 Ozyptila praticola 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 4 total:384 HL005 Oak/ivy Harpactea hombergi 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Ero furcata 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Paidiscura pallens 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Pholcomma gibbum 1 0 1 16/11/2007 : 1 Walckenaeria acuminata 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 1 Gongylidium rufipes 0 1 1 15/04/2007 Gongylidium rufipes 1 3 4 15/05/2007 Gongylidium rufipes 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 6 Maso sundevalli 3 0 3 16/06/2007 Maso sundevalli 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 4 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 0 1 15/03/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 3 0 3 15/04/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 5 Micrargus herbigradus s s 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Micrargus herbigradus s s 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 2 Diplocephalus picinus 11 0 11 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 33 3 36 16/06/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 3 10 13 16/07/2007 : 60 Microneta viaria 2 0 2 15/03/2007 Microneta viaria 24 0 24 15/04/2007 Microneta viaria 6 1 7 15/05/2007 Microneta viaria 1 1 2 16/06/2007 Microneta viaria 0 1 1 17/08/2007 Microneta viaria 1 0 1 16/11/2007 : 37 Macrargus rufus 0 1 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Bathyphantes gracilis 1 1 2 17/08/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 3 Bathyphantes parvulus 0 2 2 17/08/2007 : 2 Diplostyla concolor 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Lepthyphantes tenuis 1 0 1 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 1 1 2 15/12/2007 : 3 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 3 2 5 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 4 0 4 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 11 2 13 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 4 4 8 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 8 2 10 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 4 1 5 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 0 2 15/12/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 15/01/2008 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 0 4 4 16/02/2008 : 55 Lepthyphantes flavipes 4 2 6 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 3 3 6 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 0 2 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 8 9 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 11 8 19 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 4 6 10 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 0 2 16/11/2007 : 54 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 0 1 1 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 0 1 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 0 1 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 4 Lepthyphantes pallidus 1 0 1 16/11/2007 : 1 Pardosa amentata 1 0 1 15/04/2007 : 1 Pardosa saltans 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Pardosa saltans 2 0 2 15/05/2007 : 3 Alopecosa pulverulenta 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Alopecosa pulverulenta 0 1 1 15/05/2007 : 2 Clubiona terrestris 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Clubiona terrestris 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 2 Clubiona comta 3 0 3 15/05/2007 : 3 Ozyptila praticola 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 total:255 HL006 Path/moss Anelosimus vittatus 0 1 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Enoplognatha thoracica 0 1 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 15/05/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 2 0 2 16/02/2008 : 3 Gongylidium rufipes 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Maso sundevalli 0 1 1 16/06/2007 Maso sundevalli 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 2 Monocephalus fuscipes 11 0 11 15/04/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 0 1 15/05/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 3 3 16/07/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 1 2 16/11/2007 : 17 Diplocephalus latifrons 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Diplocephalus latifrons 0 1 1 16/07/2007 : 2 Diplocephalus picinus 21 1 22 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 40 2 42 16/06/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 2 5 7 16/07/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 1 5 6 17/08/2007 : 77 Microneta viaria 19 0 19 15/04/2007 Microneta viaria 8 2 10 15/05/2007 Microneta viaria 0 2 2 16/06/2007 Microneta viaria 0 1 1 16/07/2007 : 32 Centromerus dilutus 0 2 2 15/04/2007 Centromerus dilutus 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 3 Saaristoa firma 1 0 1 17/09/2007 : 1 Macrargus rufus 0 1 1 16/02/2008 : 1 Bathyphantes gracilis 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 1 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 0 1 1 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 2 3 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 7 5 12 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 10 6 16 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 0 2 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 16 2 18 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 1 3 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 0 2 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 0 2 15/12/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 60 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 3 4 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 3 0 3 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 0 2 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 9 7 16 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 9 8 17 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 1 2 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 3 8 11 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 0 2 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 5 0 5 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 1 3 15/12/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 66 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Helophora insignis 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 1 Linyphia triangularis 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Linyphia hortensis 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Pardosa saltans 2 0 2 15/04/2007 Pardosa saltans 7 0 7 15/05/2007 Pardosa saltans 0 1 1 16/06/2007 : 10 Hahnia montana 2 0 2 14/10/2007 : 2 Hahnia nava 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Anyphaena accentuata 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Clubiona terrestris 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Clubiona comta 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Clubiona comta 7 1 8 15/05/2007 Clubiona comta 1 1 2 16/06/2007 : 11 Zora spinimana 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Tibellus oblongus 0 1 1 15/04/2007 : 1 Ozyptila praticola 0 1 1 16/06/2007 : 1 total:302 HL007 Hut Ero furcata 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 16/07/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 2 Hypomma cornutum 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Micrargus herbigradus s s 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Diplocephalus picinus 25 1 26 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 7 1 8 16/06/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 0 1 1 16/07/2007 : 35 Microneta viaria 20 2 22 15/04/2007 Microneta viaria 18 3 21 15/05/2007 Microneta viaria 0 1 1 16/06/2007 Microneta viaria 1 0 1 17/09/2007 Microneta viaria 0 1 1 17/08/2007 Microneta viaria 1 0 1 16/11/2007 : 47 Centromerus dilutus 1 1 2 15/01/2008 : 2 Saaristoa abnormis 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Macrargus rufus 3 0 3 16/02/2008 : 3 Diplostyla concolor 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 3 4 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 5 6 11 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 0 2 2 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 11 1 12 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 1 3 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 2 3 15/12/2007 : 37 Lepthyphantes flavipes 4 4 8 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 4 6 10 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 3 5 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 1 2 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 0 2 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 1 2 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 0 3 3 16/02/2008 : 32 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 1 2 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 8 8 16 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 1 2 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 1 1 2 15/12/2007 : 22 Pardosa saltans 2 0 2 15/04/2007 Pardosa saltans 5 1 6 15/05/2007 : 8 Hahnia montana 1 0 1 14/10/2007 : 1 total:194 HL008 Fallen hornbeam Pholcomma gibbum 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Walckenaeria acuminata 1 0 1 15/01/2008 Walckenaeria acuminata 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 2 Micrargus herbigradus s s 0 1 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Diplocephalus latifrons 1 0 1 15/03/2007 : 1 Diplocephalus picinus 3 0 3 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 2 0 2 16/06/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 0 4 4 16/07/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 10 Microneta viaria 2 1 3 15/03/2007 Microneta viaria 18 10 28 15/04/2007 Microneta viaria 8 4 12 15/05/2007 Microneta viaria 0 2 2 16/06/2007 Microneta viaria 0 1 1 16/07/2007 Microneta viaria 0 1 1 14/10/2007 : 47 Saaristoa abnormis 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Macrargus rufus 2 0 2 16/02/2008 : 2 Bathyphantes gracilis 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 1 Diplostyla concolor 1 0 1 15/03/2007 : 1 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 2 3 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 1 2 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 15 9 24 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 0 2 2 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 0 2 16/11/2007 : 33 Lepthyphantes flavipes 4 3 7 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 5 7 12 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 0 1 1 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 0 2 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 7 8 15 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 21 26 47 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 0 1 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 86 Linyphia hortensis 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Metellina segmentata 0 1 1 14/10/2007 : 1 Pardosa saltans 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Pardosa saltans 9 0 9 15/05/2007 : 10 Alopecosa pulverulenta 0 1 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Clubiona terrestris 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 1 total:200 HL009 Bluebells Enoplognatha thoracica 2 0 2 15/05/2007 Enoplognatha thoracica 3 0 3 16/06/2007 Enoplognatha thoracica 0 1 1 17/09/2007 : 6 Robertus lividus 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 1 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 15/03/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 2 2 15/04/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 3 3 15/05/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 5 5 16/06/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 2 2 16/07/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 3 3 17/08/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 16/11/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 18 Maso sundevalli 1 3 4 16/06/2007 Maso sundevalli 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 5 Monocephalus fuscipes 5 3 8 15/03/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 12 6 18 15/04/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 4 3 7 15/05/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 4 4 16/06/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 6 6 16/07/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 3 3 17/09/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 7 7 17/08/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 1 1 14/10/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 3 1 4 16/11/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 59 Micrargus herbigradus s s 1 2 3 15/04/2007 Micrargus herbigradus s s 5 0 5 15/05/2007 Micrargus herbigradus s s 1 1 2 16/06/2007 Micrargus herbigradus s s 10 5 15 16/07/2007 Micrargus herbigradus s s 2 0 2 17/09/2007 Micrargus herbigradus s s 2 7 9 17/08/2007 Micrargus herbigradus s s 1 0 1 14/10/2007 : 37 Diplocephalus latifrons 0 1 1 15/04/2007 Diplocephalus latifrons 0 1 1 16/06/2007 Diplocephalus latifrons 2 1 3 17/09/2007 Diplocephalus latifrons 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 6 Diplocephalus picinus 27 3 30 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 22 13 35 16/06/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 3 23 26 16/07/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 0 3 3 17/09/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 0 18 18 17/08/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 0 4 4 14/10/2007 :116 Erigone dentipalpis 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Erigone atra 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Microneta viaria 2 0 2 15/03/2007 Microneta viaria 22 6 28 15/04/2007 Microneta viaria 7 5 12 15/05/2007 Microneta viaria 0 3 3 16/06/2007 Microneta viaria 0 10 10 16/07/2007 Microneta viaria 1 1 2 17/09/2007 Microneta viaria 0 2 2 17/08/2007 : 59 Macrargus rufus 0 1 1 15/01/2008 Macrargus rufus 20 5 25 16/02/2008 : 26 Bathyphantes gracilis 1 0 1 16/06/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 1 0 1 15/01/2008 Bathyphantes gracilis 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 3 Diplostyla concolor 1 1 2 15/04/2007 Diplostyla concolor 0 1 1 15/05/2007 Diplostyla concolor 0 3 3 16/06/2007 Diplostyla concolor 1 0 1 16/07/2007 Diplostyla concolor 1 2 3 17/09/2007 Diplostyla concolor 3 1 4 17/08/2007 : 14 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 1 1 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 1 0 1 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 2 2 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 1 1 14/10/2007 : 5 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 3 2 5 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 4 2 6 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 4 2 6 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 2 5 7 17/08/2007 : 24 Lepthyphantes flavipes 3 3 6 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 8 6 14 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 2 3 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 16 17 33 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 12 9 21 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 11 13 24 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 14 14 28 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 0 1 1 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 0 1 16/11/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 0 1 15/12/2007 :132 Linyphia hortensis 1 3 4 15/05/2007 : 4 Pardosa saltans 16 7 23 15/05/2007 Pardosa saltans 0 1 1 17/09/2007 Pardosa saltans 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 25 Alopecosa pulverulenta 3 0 3 15/05/2007 : 3 Clubiona terrestris 1 1 2 16/06/2007 Clubiona terrestris 2 0 2 17/09/2007 : 4 Clubiona comta 1 0 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Trachyzelotes pedestris 0 1 1 15/04/2007 : 1 Ozyptila praticola 1 1 2 15/05/2007 : 2 Ozyptila simplex 2 0 2 16/06/2007 : 2 total:555 HL010 Orchard Enoplognatha thoracica 5 0 5 15/05/2007 Enoplognatha thoracica 3 0 3 16/06/2007 : 8 Ceratinella brevipes 1 0 1 17/09/2007 : 1 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 7 7 15/05/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 16/06/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 1 2 3 17/09/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 17/08/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 0 1 1 14/10/2007 Walckenaeria acuminata 3 0 3 16/02/2008 : 16 Walckenaeria atrotibialis 1 0 1 16/07/2007 Walckenaeria atrotibialis 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 2 Walckenaeria nudipalpis 1 0 1 16/02/2008 : 1 Maso sundevalli 0 1 1 16/07/2007 : 1 Monocephalus fuscipes 1 1 2 15/03/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 11 2 13 15/04/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 4 0 4 15/05/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 1 1 16/06/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 2 2 17/08/2007 Monocephalus fuscipes 0 1 1 15/01/2008 : 23 Micrargus herbigradus s s 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Micrargus herbigradus s s 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 2 Erigonella hiemalis 2 0 2 15/04/2007 Erigonella hiemalis 2 0 2 15/05/2007 Erigonella hiemalis 0 1 1 16/07/2007 : 5 Diplocephalus latifrons 2 0 2 15/03/2007 Diplocephalus latifrons 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Diplocephalus latifrons 1 0 1 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus latifrons 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 5 Diplocephalus picinus 2 0 2 15/05/2007 Diplocephalus picinus 4 0 4 16/06/2007 : 6 Meioneta saxatilis 0 1 1 16/07/2007 Meioneta saxatilis 1 0 1 17/08/2007 : 2 Microneta viaria 3 0 3 15/04/2007 Microneta viaria 1 1 2 16/06/2007 Microneta viaria 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 6 Centromerus sylvaticus 1 0 1 15/12/2007 : 1 Centromerita bicolor 0 1 1 15/04/2007 Centromerita bicolor 0 1 1 15/12/2007 Centromerita bicolor 2 3 5 16/02/2008 : 7 Macrargus rufus 0 1 1 15/03/2007 Macrargus rufus 8 1 9 16/02/2008 : 10 Bathyphantes gracilis 0 2 2 15/03/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 0 1 1 15/05/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 2 1 3 16/06/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 0 2 2 16/07/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 3 0 3 17/09/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 3 2 5 17/08/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 0 1 1 14/10/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 1 0 1 15/12/2007 Bathyphantes gracilis 0 1 1 15/01/2008 Bathyphantes gracilis 4 1 5 16/02/2008 : 24 Diplostyla concolor 0 1 1 15/05/2007 Diplostyla concolor 0 3 3 16/06/2007 Diplostyla concolor 2 3 5 16/07/2007 Diplostyla concolor 5 4 9 17/08/2007 Diplostyla concolor 1 0 1 15/01/2008 : 19 Stemonyphantes lineatus 2 0 2 15/04/2007 Stemonyphantes lineatus 2 0 2 16/02/2008 : 4 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 2 2 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 4 7 11 15/04/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 7 7 15/05/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 0 1 1 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 3 4 7 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 1 6 7 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes tenuis 1 3 4 14/10/2007 : 39 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 1 0 1 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 0 1 1 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 3 Lepthyphantes flavipes 0 1 1 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 0 2 2 16/06/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 3 5 16/07/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 4 3 7 17/09/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 2 0 2 17/08/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 0 1 14/10/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 0 2 2 15/12/2007 Lepthyphantes flavipes 1 2 3 16/02/2008 : 23 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 0 1 1 15/03/2007 Lepthyphantes ericaeus 0 1 1 15/12/2007 : 2 Neriene clathrata 1 0 1 14/10/2007 : 1 Pachygnatha degeeri 2 13 15 15/03/2007 Pachygnatha degeeri 12 22 34 15/04/2007 Pachygnatha degeeri 14 27 41 15/05/2007 Pachygnatha degeeri 11 12 23 16/06/2007 Pachygnatha degeeri 0 1 1 16/07/2007 Pachygnatha degeeri 14 14 28 17/09/2007 Pachygnatha degeeri 3 5 8 17/08/2007 Pachygnatha degeeri 4 3 7 14/10/2007 :157 Metellina segmentata 0 1 1 14/10/2007 : 1 Pardosa pullata 1 0 1 15/04/2007 Pardosa pullata 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 2 Pardosa saltans 4 4 8 15/05/2007 : 8 Alopecosa pulverulenta 2 4 6 15/04/2007 Alopecosa pulverulenta 6 3 9 15/05/2007 : 15 Trochosa terricola 6 0 6 15/04/2007 Trochosa terricola 3 0 3 15/05/2007 : 9 Pirata uliginosus 0 1 1 17/08/2007 : 1 Hahnia nava 2 0 2 15/05/2007 Hahnia nava 2 0 2 16/06/2007 : 4 Zelotes latreillei 0 1 1 15/04/2007 Zelotes latreillei 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 2 Trachyzelotes pedestris 1 1 2 16/06/2007 : 2 Drassyllus pusillus 1 0 1 15/05/2007 : 1 Ozyptila praticola 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 1 Ozyptila simplex 1 0 1 16/06/2007 : 1 total:415 Table 5 (a) List of all spiders recorded for Hainault Forest Lodge First column is National Conservation status (if any) Date given is that of the first record Serial is serial No. of record * = species associated specifically with woodland ** = species associated with ancient woodland (in London area) ============================================================= SEGESTRIIDAE (Radial Web Spiders) Comm Segestria senoculata 30/01/2007 013402/001 DYSDERIDAE (Six-Eyed Spiders) Comm Harpactea hombergi 17/08/2007 016001/006 MIMETIDAE Comm Ero furcata 15/05/2007 013558/006 THERIDIIDAE (Tangle Web Spiders) Comm Anelosimus vittatus 16/06/2007 015724/010 Comm Neottiura bimaculatum 16/07/2007 015792/005 Comm*Paidiscura pallens 16/06/2007 015723/007 Loc Enoplognatha thoracica 15/05/2007 013557/004 Comm Robertus lividus 15/01/2008 016174/002 Comm*Pholcomma gibbum 16/06/2007 015727/003 LINYPHIIDAE (Money spiders) Comm Ceratinella brevipes 16/06/2007 015725/008 Comm Walckenaeria acuminata 15/03/2007 013449/001 Loc Walckenaeria atrotibialis 16/07/2007 015793/006 Comm Walckenaeria nudipalpis 16/02/2008 016180/007 Comm*Gongylidium rufipes 15/04/2007 013484/010 Loc Dismodicus bifrons 15/04/2007 013480/003 Comm Hypomma cornutum 15/05/2007 013556/004 Comm*Maso sundevalli 15/05/2007 013562/009 Comm*Monocephalus fuscipes 15/03/2007 013449/003 Comm*Micrargus herbigradus s s 15/04/2007 013483/011 Comm*Erigonella hiemalis 15/04/2007 013483/013 Comm*Diplocephalus latifrons 15/03/2007 013456/004 Comm*Diplocephalus picinus 15/04/2007 013488/005 Comm Erigone dentipalpis 17/08/2007 016003/008 Comm Erigone atra 16/07/2007 015786/009 Comm Meioneta saxatilis 16/07/2007 015793/007 Comm*Microneta viaria 15/03/2007 013449/002 Comm*Centromerus sylvaticus 15/12/2007 016136/004 Comm**Centromerus dilutus 15/04/2007 013487/008 Comm Centromerita bicolor 15/04/2007 013483/010 Comm*Saaristoa abnormis 16/07/2007 015789/003 Loc *Saaristoa firma 17/09/2007 015956/003 Comm*Macrargus rufus 15/03/2007 013453/001 Comm Bathyphantes gracilis 15/03/2007 013457/008 Comm Bathyphantes parvulus 16/06/2007 015725/006 Comm Diplostyla concolor 15/03/2007 013456/002 Comm Stemonyphantes lineatus 15/04/2007 013483/005 Comm Lepthyphantes tenuis 15/03/2007 013455/005 Comm*Lepthyphantes zimmermanni 15/03/2007 013450/002 Comm*Lepthyphantes flavipes 15/03/2007 013449/004 Comm Lepthyphantes ericaeus 15/03/2007 013450/003 Loc *Lepthyphantes pallidus 15/04/2007 013485/010 Comm*Helophora insignis 16/02/2008 016172/004 Comm Linyphia triangularis 17/08/2007 016004/007 Comm Linyphia hortensis 15/04/2007 013480/002 Comm Neriene clathrata 15/05/2007 013564/002 Comm Neriene peltata 15/04/2007 013480/005 TETRAGNATHIDAE (Orb Web spiders) Comm Pachygnatha degeeri 15/03/2007 013457/001 Comm Metellina segmentata 14/10/2007 016037/001 ARANEIDAE (Orb Web spiders) Comm Zygiella x-notata 30/01/2007 013402/003 Nb Zilla diodia 15/04/2007 013480/006 LYCOSIDAE (Wolf Spiders) Comm Pardosa pullata 15/04/2007 013483/006 Comm Pardosa amentata 15/04/2007 013484/002 Comm*Pardosa saltans 15/04/2007 013482/002 Comm Alopecosa pulverulenta 15/04/2007 013483/004 Comm Trochosa terricola 15/04/2007 013483/003 Loc Pirata piraticus 16/07/2007 015790/006 Loc Pirata uliginosus 17/08/2007 016007/002 HAHNIIDAE Comm Hahnia montana 17/08/2007 015999/004 Loc Hahnia nava 15/05/2007 013563/012 DICTYNIDAE (Small Blue Web Spiders) Loc *Lathys humilis 15/04/2007 013480/004 AMAUROBIIDAE (Blue Web Spiders) Comm Amaurobius similis 30/01/2007 013402/004 ANYPHAENIDAE Comm*Anyphaena accentuata 15/05/2007 013561/006 CLUBIONIDAE (Mouse Spiders) Comm*Clubiona terrestris 30/01/2007 013402/002 Comm*Clubiona comta 15/04/2007 013486/005 GNAPHOSIDAE (Hunter Spiders) Loc Zelotes latreillei 15/04/2007 013483/008 Nb Trachyzelotes pedestris 15/04/2007 013490/009 Loc Drassyllus pusillus 15/05/2007 013563/008 ZORIDAE Comm Zora spinimana 15/05/2007 013561/004 PHILODROMIDAE (Elongate Crab Spiders) Comm Tibellus oblongus 15/04/2007 013487/009 THOMISIDAE (Crab Spiders) Comm**Xysticus lanio 16/11/2007 016098/001 Comm*Ozyptila praticola 15/05/2007 013557/006 Loc Ozyptila simplex 16/06/2007 015722/003 SALTICIDAE (Jumping Spiders) Comm**Ballus chalybeius 15/04/2007 013480/001 ============================================================= Table 5 (b) List of beetles recorded for Hainault Forest Lodge First column is National Conservation Status (if any) Date is that of first record for the locality Last column is serial No. of record ============================================================= Carabidae Ground Beetles Abax parallelepipedus 15/03/07 em 013456 Amara ovata 15/03/07 em 013452 Badister bullatus (=bipustulatus 15/05/07 em 013562 Bembidion obtusum 15/03/07 em 013458 Leistus fulvibarbis 15/04/07 em 013489 Leistus rufomarginatus 16/11/07 em 016100 Nebria brevicollis 15/03/07 em 013452 Notiophilus biguttatus 15/03/07 em 013458 Notiophilus rufipes 16/11/07 em 016100 Notiophilus substriatus 17/08/07 em 016006 Nb Platyderus ruficollis 15/04/07 em 013489 Pterostichus cupreus 15/04/07 em 013489 Pterostichus madidus 15/03/07 em 013456 Stomis pumicatus 17/08/07 em 016006 Trechus quadristriatus 17/08/07 em 016006 Hydrophilidae Megasternum concinnum 17/09/07 em 015960 Staphylinidae Rove Beetles Nb Acidota cruentata 15/03/07 em 013452 Alaobia gagatina 17/09/07 em 015960 Amischa analis 15/03/07 em 013452 Anotylus rugosus 17/09/07 em 015960 Anotylus sculpturatus 15/03/07 em 013458 Anthobium atrocephalum 15/03/07 em 013452 Anthobium unicolor 15/03/07 em 013456 Atheta aquatica 17/09/07 em 015960 Atheta brunneipennis 15/05/07 em 013562 Atheta castanoptera 17/08/07 em 016006 Atheta crassicornis 14/10/07 em 016044 Autalia impressa 14/10/07 em 016044 Catops fuliginosus 15/02/08 em 016180 Lesteva heeri 15/02/08 em 016180 Mocyta (Atheta) fungi 15/05/07 em 013562 Mocyta orbata 15/04/07 em 013489 Mycetota laticollis 17/08/07 em 016006 Omalium caesum 15/04/07 em 013489 Omalium italicum 15/02/08 em 016180 Omalium rivulare 15/05/07 em 013562 Othius myrmecophilus 15/04/07 em 013489 Othius punctulatus 15/05/07 em 013562 Oxypoda acuminata (lividipennis) 15/03/07 em 013452 Oxypoda brevicornis (=umbrata) 17/09/07 em 015960 Philonthus cognatus 15/03/07 em 013456 Philonthus intermedius 15/03/07 em 013452 Philonthus varians 15/03/07 em 013458 Proteinus brachypterus 15/03/07 em 013452 Quedius curtipennis 15/03/07 em 013452 Quedius fumatus 15/03/07 em 013452 Quedius nitipennis 15/04/07 em 013489 Quedius persimilis 17/09/07 em 015960 Quedius picipes 17/09/07 em 015960 Rugilus rufipes 17/09/07 em 015960 Sepedophilus marshami 15/04/07 em 013489 Stenus impressus 17/08/07 em 016006 Stenus picipes 15/04/07 em 013489 Tachinus signatus 15/03/07 em 013452 Tachinus subterraneus 15/03/07 em 013452 Tachyporus hypnorum 15/03/07 em 013458 Tachyporus nitidulus 15/02/08 em 016180 Xantholinus linearis 15/12/07 em 016140 Xantholinus longiventris 15/03/07 em 013452 Silphidae Nicrophorus vespilloides 17/08/07 em 016006 Coccinellidae Ladybirds Calvia 14-guttata 15/03/07 em 013452 Nitidulidae Meligethes nigriscens 15/04/07 em 013489 Lathridiidae Cortinicara gibbosa 15/04/07 em 013480 Enicmus transversus 15/05/07 em 013562 Cryptophagidae Atomaria atricapilla 15/05/07 em 013562 Atomaria fuscata 15/03/07 em 013456 Cryptophagus pilosus 14/10/07 em 016044 Cryptophagus setulosus 17/08/07 em 016006 Scarabaeidae Scarab Beetles Aphodius obliteratus 15/05/07 em 013562 Aphodius prodromus 15/04/07 em 013489 Nb Aphodius zenkeri 17/08/07 em 016006 Elateridae Click Beetles Agriotes lineatus 15/04/07 em 013489 Agriotes pallidulus 15/04/07 em 013489 Cantharidae Cantharis decipiens 15/05/07 em 013562 Cantharis rustica 15/05/07 em 013565 Chrysomelidae Flower Beetles Altica palustris 17/08/07 em 016007 Aphthona euphorbiae 15/03/07 em 013456 Chaetocnema concinna 15/04/07 em 013489 Chaetocnema hortensis 15/04/07 em 013489 Nb Longitarsus dorsalis 15/03/07 em 013458 Longitarsus flavicornis 17/09/07 em 015960 Na Longitarsus parvulus 15/03/07 em 013452 Longitarsus suturellus 15/05/07 em 013565 Phyllotreta ochripes 17/08/07 em 016006 Phyllotreta vittula 15/03/07 em 013458 Psylliodes affinis 15/05/07 em 013562 Tenebrionidae Nalassus leavioctostriatus 30/01/07 em 013402 Nb Scaphidema metallicum 15/04/07 em 013489 Leiodidae Agathidium convexum 15/04/07 em 013489 Catops fuliginosus 15/03/07 em 013452 Catops nigricans 15/05/07 em 013562 Catops tristis 15/03/07 em 013452 Choleva agilis 15/12/07 em 016140 Nargus velox 14/10/07 em 016044 Nargus wilkini 15/03/07 em 013452 Geotrupidae Dung Beetles Typhaeus typhoeus 15/05/07 em 013562 Bruchidae Bruchus rufimanus 15/04/07 em 013489 Apionidae Tiny Weevils Exapion ulicis 15/04/07 em 013489 Protapion fulvipes 17/09/07 em 015960 Curculionidae Weevils Barypeithes pellucidus 15/05/07 em 013562 Euophryum confine 15/05/07 em 013565 Leiosoma deflexum 15/03/07 em 013458 Rhinoncus pericarpius 17/08/07 em 016007 Sitona lineatus 15/04/07 em 013489 Strophosoma melanogrammum 15/04/07 em 013489 Tychius picirostris 15/05/07 em 013562 Throscidae Trixagus obtusus 15/05/07 em 013562 Rhizophagidae Rhizophagus dispar 15/04/07 em 013489 Table 5 c : Pseudoscorpions recorded from Hainault Forest Lodge Date given is that of first record Neobisium cancrinoides 15/04/07 em 013486 Chthonius ischnosceles 15/05/07 em 013562 Roncus lubricus 15/03/07 em 013456 PAGE  PAGE 37 kle ^ ! /  # !gp Yi:J i47MZopW]} v"""""""""#6^J^J6]5CJOJPJQJ\^JCJ5\XNklPYJe & Fdh$a$$a$bb8 ^ ! " . / c d \ ] NO`-0>PXY[`w~$$IflF8  06    4 la$If  >?AFhik{{{{{{{{{ {$If~$$IflF8  06    4 lakt679p8pp~$$IflF8  06    4 la  9r $If$If 9I!rsvw{{t{yy~$$IflF8  06    4 la$If wop!!X#Y######*$+$9$K$Y$l$$$Ifh^hh`h#2#F###s$${%|%%%%%%%++^,u,,,Q.`.12+2:2222222L3_3444*4445 5556 6-6<6I6_6p66666666677+7J7Y7f7v7777788889999999999f;h;A=R=}====="> mHnHu jU5\6]^$$$$$$$$$$[PUUUUU[dUU$If$$Iflr(8 ` 0M!64 la $$$$$$$$$$UT$$Iflr(8 ` 0M!64 la$If $$$$$$$$$$[LUUUUU[\UU$If$$Iflr(8 ` 0M!64 la $$$$$$$%%%Ud$$Iflr(8 ` 0M!64 la$If % % %%%%%%%,%[DUUUUU[tUU$If$$Iflr(8 ` 0M!64 la ,%0%3%6%7%9%D%H%L%O%Ud$$Iflr(8 ` 0M!64 la$If O%P%S%d%h%l%m%n%o%{%[xUUUUU[UU$If$$Iflr(8 ` 0M!64 la {%%%%%%%%%%U$$Iflr(8 ` 0M!64 la$If %%%%%%%%%USQKQ`$$Iflr(8 ` 0M!64 la$If%V'W'1*2*--Q1R1-4.40444x5z5{55555$If5555555556\VVVVV\VP$If$If$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\ 66 6 6 66 6$6(6*6Vx$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\$If *6+6-6<6@6D6F6G6I6_6\pVVVVV\VV$If$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\ _6e6k6m6n6p66666V$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\$If 6666666666\tVVVVV\xVV$If$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\ 6666666666V$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\$If 66677 7777+7\|VVVVV\VV$If$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\ +7.727475767E7F7G7VPK  9r $If$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\$IfG7H7I7J7Y7[7`7d7e7f7VpVp$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\$If f7v7x7|7777777V$$Iflr @X  0h4 la\$If 7777777777VdVP 9r $$Iflr @X  0h4 la\$If 77799e;f;h;p;q;<|=}=====!>">>>@3BXCrDEEE & F  9r `EjFkFIJSLNPRRRS SSSSTqTTTVpVWWXnX` & F h^h^`">!H7HJDKKL LLL&LMMpMMMMQQQQR SSSSS*T,T>TqTTTUVVNVPVTVnVXXXXXX\YYZ.ZnnyyLJ\K~1ZxӾ 5PJ\PJ5CJOJPJQJ\^J 5CJ\ 5^JaJ 6^JaJjU^JaJ^JaJ 6]^J^J\]^JaJ \^JaJ6\]^JaJ5\6]?nXX Y[YYYYZZ.ZOZZZZ#[^[[[\2\m\\\]M]]]]-^\^\^^^ _H_w___(`W```a7araaa#bRbbbb2cacccdMd|dddd!e\eee fHffff4gcggghOhhhi;iviiijVjjjj*k*kekkklEllll%m`mmmm4ncnnnnno>omooopMp|pppp!q\qqqryYϣ E1l֥L¦8gݧS'V̩6q۪EGI^~#Rȭ22a׮A|!\ư<wWͲ7rܳ FuuߴI5p!\Ʒ<w(cٹO~#R&a׼ApڽD$_ɿ3b 1l@{O/jV*Y-hT4o [;vV**XZx4oCr#^>yY-\<wWC~#^2mAApKZ F&aA|-xXn56 6 6rataaaSbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbź0JmHnHu0J j0JUaJCJOJQJ^J5\CJPJ5CJPJ\5CJOJPJQJ\^J 5PJ\PJ-hH4oO/jV*e E1`@{ [ Gv'bB|!\ H(cCrR&UU)Wn2mM-h <wWW7rR2mM|!\<kK+fR>mY9hT4oO;v V    * e    Q     1 l    @ {    O/^>yM|!P~-Q:?@tyIX^XI"^.f6n> {  K!!""""S###$$$[%%/&&&g'''(l((( )q)))*v**F++,~,~,,,---- ....%/&/Z////_0000d114252i2223n3n3o334x4445~556 6C6t6667c778}889999S::;m;;;)<<<<======W>>?q??-@@@GAAA!BBB;CCC5DDDDOEE FiFF%GGG?HHHYIIJsJJ/KKK*LLLLMM>MMMMM&N'NRNNOO:OOOTPPPP