Hainault Forest Website |
Written and
Designed by © Brian Ecott |
PLANT GALLS
|
Galls on
Trees other than Oak |
MAPLES
ASH
POPLARS
FRUITS
LIME
ALDER
ELM
BEECH
HORNBEAM
BIRCH
WILLOW
OTHERS |
|
MAPLES |
FIELD MAPLE SMALL RED PUSTULES
Agent: Aceria
myriadeum (= aceriscampestris)
A mite
Photo: 21st June 2013
Often covering whole of leaf.
One leaf is turned to show back, |
|
FIELD MAPLE
PUSTULE GALL normally found along main veins. Agent: Aceria macrochelus
A Mite Photo: 13th June 2013
near lake and below a more advanced gall which is red, 19th June 2013 |
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FIELD MAPLE
Clusters of galls at base
of leaf, sometimes distorting leaf.
Is this induced by the mite Aceria macrochelus
as above or some other mite?
Scan 7th July 2014 |
|
SILVER MAPLE
RED PUSTULES above. Agent: Vasates quadripedes.
A mite. A second record for Essex and
a first for Hainault in 2002
Scan: 13th
June 2013 in plantation.
Spreading in Essex and
personally seen in Norfolk 2010 |
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SYCAMORE
FELT GALL Agent:
Aceria pseudoplatani
A mite Photo:
12th June 2013 Left: Top of leaf. Right: Underside of leaf. |
SYCAMORE
RED PUSTULES
Agent: Aceria
macrorhynchus
A mite.
Photo: 24th June 2013
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ASH |
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SINGLE-LEAFED ASH F.e 'Diversifolia'. Leaf curl. Agent: Psyllopsis fraxini Plant louse
Near The Oak path entrance 31st May 2013. |
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ASH
KEY GALLS Agent: Aceria fraxinivorus
A Mite. Photo: 13th June 2013 in the
plantation |
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ASH
LEAFLET ROLL GALL Agent: Psyllopsis fraxini
A plant louse.
Leaflet rolled downwards,
tinged with red/purple. (Picture shows underside of leaf) Photo:
13th June 2013.
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ASH
MIDRIB GALL Agent: Dasineura fraxini
A Midge Photo: 21st June 2013 |
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1. ASH
POD GALL
Agent: Dasineura acrophila
A Midge.
Leaflet
folded upwards,
midrib thickened like a pea pod.
Photo:
May 2005
2.
Single-leaved ASH F. a.
Veltheimii MIDRIB GALL Agent:
Dasineura fraxini
A
midge Photo: June
2004
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POPLAR |
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1. ASPEN
LEAF ROLL GALL Agent: Dasineura populeti
A midge Edges of leaf
rolled upwards, hairy. Photo: 20th
August 2005.
2.
ASPEN
PETIOLE GALL Agent: Eriophyes
diversipunctatus. A Mite. At base of leaf, one on each
side of midrib. Photo:
August 1977.
Not seen since.
3. ASPEN
RED PEA GALL Agent:
Harmandia tremulae
A midge. Photo:
July 200 |
|
|
1. Above and below pair: Small
rounded gall with collar-like ring. 2.5mm. Agent: Harmandiola globuli.
A midge 10th June 2013.
2. Centre pair: ASPEN Bulge on surface, erineum
underneath Agent:
Phyllocoptes populi A mite Scan: 10th June 2013. See also below.
3. Right pair: Two Galls on
PETIOLE Agent: Contarinia petioli A midge 10th June 2013.
Another gall in angle between midrib and right vein needs investigating
further. (Could be Lasioptera populnea) Trees cut down by Woodland
Trust!!
4. Close up of Petiole galls Contarinia
petioli 10th June 2013 |
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ASPEN Bulge on surface, erineum
underneath Agent:
Phyllocoptes populi A mite Scan: 27th August 2011 |
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1. BLACK POPLAR
SPIRAL GALL Agent: Pemphigus
spyrothecae
An aphid. Photo:
August 2002
2. BLACK POPLAR PURSE
GALL Agent: Pemphigus bursarius
An aphid. Rare in the forest Photo:
August 2002
3. BLACK POPLAR
BULGE GALL Agent: Taphrina populina
A fungus. Photo:
June 2004
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BLACK POPLAR
SPIRAL GALL Agent: Pemphigus
spyrothecae
An aphid. Photo:
21sr June 2013 |
BLACK POPLAR PURSE
GALL Agent: Pemphigus bursarius
An aphid. Rare in the forest Photo:
21st June 2013
A small spiral gall is
nearer the leaf blade. |
|
BLACK POPLAR STALKED
POUCH GALL Stalked pouch gall on midrib. Photo: S.Sawhney.
June 2003 |
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GREY POPLAR
SWOLLEN TWIG Agent: Gypsonoma aceriana
A micro-moth caterpillar. Twig contains caterpillar
frass. July 2004 |
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BLACK POPLAR MIDRIB POUCH GALL Agent: Pemphigus
populinigrae. An aphid Upper side of leaf.
|
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BLACK POPLAR MIDRIB
POUCH GALL. Lower side of leaf showing slit. Photo: 26th June
2008. |
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BLACK POPLAR
LEAF FOLD GALL Agent: Thecabius affinis
An aphid.
Photo: June
2004 |
FRUITS |
Above: BIRD CHERRY POCKET PLUMS
Agent: Taphrina padi A fungus Near main
entrance. 10th June 2013
Left: WILD PLUM LEAF EDGE PUSTULES Agent:
Eriophyes similis
A mite Photo: 24th June 2013 |
|
BLACKTHORN
POCKET PLUMS Agent: Taphrina pruni
A fungus Photo: Hoghill 11th
June 2013 The normal developing dark green sloes can be seen top
left |
|
Left: BLACKTHORN
LEAF EDGE PUSTULES Agent: Eriophyes
similis. A Mite.
Common. Photo:
12th June 2013
Right: BLACKTHORN
CENTER LEAF
PUSTULES Agent: A Mite.
Needs to be determined
Photo: 5th May 2013
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WILD APPLE ROSY LEAF CURLING APPLE
GALL Agent: Dysaphis
devecta An aphid Photo: 12th June 2013 behind the
café.
Close up (right) shows
grey aphids |
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1. WILD APPLE
LEAF EDGE ROLL GALL
Agent: Dasineura mali A midge
Photograph: 20 August 2005.
2. CRAB APPLE Erineum on back of leaf. Agent: Phyllocoptes malinus
A mite. Photo: 9th May 2009
3. APPLE WOODY SWELLINGS ON BARK Agent: Eriosoma lanigerum
Woolly aphid Photograph: 11th December
2005.
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PEAR ORANGE PATCH on leaf Agent: Gymnosporangium
sabinae A rust fungus Upper and underside of leaf.
August 2004 |
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PEAR
SMOOTH PUSTULES Agent: Eriophyes pyri
A mite Photo: July 2004. A hole in some of the
erinea is seen on the underside of the leaf. |
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ROWAN PUSTULE on leaflets with
opening upper or lower leaflet. Agent: Eriophyes sorbi
A mite. Photo: 10th May 2009. |
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1. WHITEBEAM
PUSTULE GALLS Agent: Phytoptus arianus
A Mite. Numerous pustules on upper
leaf. Photo: May 2001
2. PURGING BUCKTHORN Leaf margin rolled up and
thickened. Agent: Trichochermes walkeri
A plant louse
Photo: 28 May 2005
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WILD SERVICE TREE ROUNDED PUSTULES
Agent: Eriophyes torminalis
A mite
Photo: 25th June 2013
Underside of right leaf shown. |
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1. & 2.. HAWTHORN
POCKS ON LEAF with close
up detail
Agent: Aceria crataegi
An mite . Photo:
June 2005
3. HAWTHORN BUTTON-TOP GALL Agent: Dasineura crataegi
A midge. Photo: June 2005
|
HAWTHORN RED FOLD GALL downwards,
along the midrib.
Agent: Dysaphis crataegi
An aphid.
Photo: 9th May 2009 |
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HAWTHORN
LEAF EDGE ROLL DOWN GALL Agent:
Phyllocoptes goniothorax
A mite Photo:
21st June 2013
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HAWTHORN LEAF EDGE ROLL DOWN
GALL as above and
underside of a LEAF BULGE
showing red hair erineum.
Agent also Phyllocoptes
goniothorax. Scan 7th July 2014. |
LIME |
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COMMON LIME Yellow or Pink
blisters on upper leaf with white or pink erineum underneath. Agent: Eriophyes leiosoma
A mite May 2009 |
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1. COMMON LIME LEAF EDGE ROLLED UP Agent: Dasineura tiliae
A Gall midge Photo: 22 May 2005
2. COMMON LIME
LEAF VEIN GALL Agent: Eriophyes exilis
A Mite. A small gall found in the
angle of veins. Photo:
July 2005
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COMMON LIME PETIOLE GALL
Agent: Contarinia tiliarum
A gall midge
also
found on midrib (top left leaf).
Hog Hill
and Hainault Lodge LNR.
Photo:
24th June 2013 |
COMMON LIME
NAIL GALLS
Agent: Eriophyes tiliae.
A mite.
Photo: 19th June 2013
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COMMON LIME
Short blunt red nail galls
(compare with above).
Agent: Eriophyes
lateannulatus A mite
21st June 2013 |
ALDER |
|
ALDER
Rounded pouches on leaf, opening under. Agent: Eriophyes laevis
A mite. Foxburrows farm. 5th June 2013 |
|
1. & 2. ALDER BLISTER and ERINEUM under
leaf. Agent: Acalitus brevitarsus. A mite. Photo: 10th May 2009 |
3. ALDER VEIN ANGLE GALL Agent:
Eriophyes inangulis
A mite
Photo: June 2003 |
ELM |
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1. & 2. WYCH ELM FIG GALL Agent: Tetraneura ulmi
An aphid. The leaf on the left is
stunted. Photos: 21st May 2007.
3. WYCH ELM LEAF ROLL GALL
Agent Eriosoma ulmi
An aphid Photo: 21st May 2007
|
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1. SMALL LEAVED ELM PUSTULE GALLS Agent: Aceria ulmicola.
A Mite. Numerous pustules on upper
surface of leaf. Photo:
July 2004.
2. SMALL
LEAVED ELM
BAG GALL Agent:
Eriosoma
lanuginosum
An aphid Leaf
forming large pouch containing waxy aphids. Found on the golf course. Photo: July
2004 |
BEECH |
|
Left above: BEECH White erineum on upper leaf
veins Agent: Aceria nervisequa
A mite. Photo 12th June 2013
Right above: BEECH BLISTERS and white ERINEUM
between leaf veins on underside. Agent: Aceria nervisequa
A mite. 9th May 2009.
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1. BEECH TIGHT UPWARD ROLL GALL Agent:
Acalitus stenapsis
A mite Hainault Lodge Photo: June 2003
2. BEECH
HAIRY GALL Agent:
Hartigiola annulipes
A Midge Photo: August 2000
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HORNBEAM |
HORNBEAM
LEAF VEIN DISTORTED GALL
Agent: Aceria
macrotrichus
A Mite.
Veins under leaf distorted.
Photo:
12th June 2013 |
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Left: HORNBEAM
MIDRIB GALL Agent: Zygobia carpini
A midge
Photo: July 2002
Right: HORNBEAM GALLS IN MIDRIB VEIN ANGLE Agent: Aceria tenellus
A mite Photo: August 2004
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BIRCH |
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Left: SHINY BULGES ALONG
MIDRIB, Erineum hairs underneath. Agent: Eriophyes leionotus.
A mite Photo: 18th June 2013
Right: BIRCH BLISTER with ERINEUM
underneath. Agent:
Acalitus rudis. A mite. Photo: 9th May 2009
Birch mite galls are
complex need to be determined by identification of the mites concerned and
not just morphology.
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1. SILVER BIRCH SEEDS GALLED IN CATKIN Agent: Samudobia betulae
A midge Photo: July 04 Photo shows two normal winged
seeds, 4mm wide.
2. SILVER BIRCH SEEDS GALLED IN CATKIN Agent: Samudobia tarda
A midge Photo: July 04 Photo shows two normal winged
seeds. New Essex record.
NOTE
Samudobia betulae (above left) has a round window pit in the top half
of the seed, and the seeds have reduced wings. Samudobia tarda
(above right) has an indistinct window pit in the lower half and the
wings are almost absent. |
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1. SILVER
BIRCH BIRCH ROOT
GALL Agent:
Agrobacterium tumefaciens A soil bacterium Photo:
25th February 2007. The Heathland.
The gall is
11cm in width and 8 cm depth like a small swede.
2. BIRCH BIG BUD GALL Agent: Acalitus
calycophthirus A mite. Photo: 9th May 2009 |
WILLOWS |
|
ROSETTE OR CAMELLIA GALLS
ON WILLOWS
1. WHITE WILLOW Agent:
Rabdophaga rosaria A midge Terminal leaves
distorted to form a rosette. 29th July 2006. By the
lake.
2. CRACK WILLOW Agent: Rabdophaga rosaria
A midge Terminal leaves distorted to form a rosette 20th July 2006. By the
lake.
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CRACK WILLOW
KIDNEY BEAN GALL Agent: Pontania proxima
A sawfly
Scan:
15th June 2013 |
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WHITE WILLOW
KIDNEY BEAN GALL Agent:
Pontania proxima
A sawfly. Photo:
18th August 2013
|
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1. CRACK
WILLOW SHOOT TIP GALL
Agent: Rabdophaga terminalis A midge. Photograph 20
August 2005.
2. CRACK WILLOW LEAF EDGE ROLLED Agent: Aculus magnirostris
A mite Photo: 9th May 2009
|
|
WHITE WILLOW Leaf edge rolls upper and
under leaf (above and
right) Agent: Aculus craspedobius A mite Scan: 28th
August 2011 by the lake. |
WHITE WILLOW Small reddish
pustules Agent: Aculus tetanothrix A mite Scan:
18th August 2013 by the lake.
KIDNEY BEAN GALL Pontania proxima
also present
|
SALLOW Small reddish pustules
- upper (left) and under leaf (right)
Iteomyia capreae
A mite
Scan: 28th August 2011 near golf course. |
SALLOW Slightly hairy PEA
SIZED GALL on underside of leaf with a small circular shiny patch on top
of leaf.
Agent: Eupontania
pedunculi A sawfly
Photograph: 18th June 2013 |
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Galls on Sallow stems or on
female catkins. Causative agent not know. May be Viral or Mycoplasma.
Photos 19th June 2013. |
OTHERS |
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FALSE ACACIA
leaflet folded down gall Agent: Obolodiplosis robiniae Gall midge.
21st October 2012. Hainault Lodge Nature Reserve |
SPINDLE
LEAF ROLL GALL
Agent: Eriophyes
convolvens
A Mite.
Leaf edge tightly rolled.
Common
Photo:
July 2005. |